27.3.26
WHY THE ADMINISTRATIVE STATE HAPPENS.
In a commentary on a recent Supreme Court ruling staying Our President's punitive taxes (thanks, Don!) tariffs, Outside the Beltway's James Joyner observes,
Forcing Congress to do its damn job is the obvious Constitutional solution to balancing that power.Indeed not. With Easter and Passover travels about to begin and airport security still relying on the goodwill of workers hoping for a paycheck, the House and Senate got into another pissing contest.
Alas, that institution has become stultified in recent decades, partly because it has delegated so much power to Executive agencies. I have little confidence that it will actually function again anytime soon.
Sadly, we dive into the chaos of procedures, party disputes, and institutional rivalries. The Senate approved a funding measure by voice vote to reopen most of the Department of Homeland Security, except for Border Patrol and Immigration and Customs Enforcement. The frontline troops are financed through the big, impressive bill. Its civilian staff is not. The Senate passed this around 3 am and then left town. They aren't expected to return until April 13.Pray that Judge Boasberg will be on his spring break rather than doing his usual job playing at being the president. Shutdown theater is what Congress does, though, to get what it wants. "Regular order appropriations are the last thing Washington politicians want. 'It's as if nobody in Washington wants to be bothered with regular order appropriations.'"
Meanwhile, House members were outraged that they were not consulted, believing that the partial funding of DHS, one of 12 key appropriations measures each year, shouldn’t be managed this way. They are relying on a 60-day continuing resolution, which means the DHS shutdown will continue for at least another two weeks. The good news is that TSA agents will be paid, thanks to President Trump signing an order permitting reserve monies from last year's tax cut bill to be released.
Yes, Matt Vespa writes for Town Hall and his column has the obligatory harrumphing about Schumer shutdowns, but there might be poison pills in that continuing resolution in the form of language fully funding all homeland security functions including immigration and border enforcement.
How many times do I have to carry on about the absence of regular order appropriations being Congress's preferred way of doing things?
INFRASTRUCTURE IS THEIR LEAST IMPORTANT PRODUCT.
In Transportation for America, Corrigan Salerno asks, "This Congress is focused on how federal dollars go out the door in the next surface transportation reauthorization, and it looks like states might win big time. But with a track record like theirs, why shouldn’t Congress consider who else might use their money better?"
Nobody?
With the vast majority of funding flowing directly to them, State DOTs are, in effect, in charge of the federal highway program. If they are to claim credit for successes, they need to be held accountable for their failures. While local-led planning and project delivery could get things wrong just as much as state DOTs do today, they may also end up being more accountable to the priorities and nuances of communities, based purely on their proximity. When your city or county misspends money or fails to take care of obvious needs, it’s a lot easier to hold them accountable than a faceless, faraway, typically unelected state transportation agency.In the manner of anything governmental, one requires a list of acronyms. "DOT" refers to state departments of transportation. "AASHTO" refers to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. That "and transportation" is a recent addition, as the acronym used to be "AASHO" which offers opportunities for all sorts of mischief.
As an indication of just how far away they are from thinking about outcomes, one of AASHTO’s top talking points revolves around how good they are at spending other people’s money quickly. Obligation rates, meaning simply the speed at which federal dollars are spent by a recipient, do not imply any measurement of success based on outcomes. If anything, the use of obligation rates as a metric should be scrutinized. What are you getting for that spending? Are results improving at unprecedented rates? Or are DOTs just prioritizing funding any investment as fast as possible?
None of which matters. County road commissioners and state departments of road building are competing to get federal matching funds, which is to say, the local rent-seekers get to wet their beaks and future generations are on the hook to repair or replace it, which means hoping some future Member of Congress will write that project into some future porkulus.
WILL THE THING BE PRESSED?
Our President is negotiating, or not, perhaps through an intermediary, with Iranian officials who are, or not, making decisions of state. As we prepare for a weekend of recovery from the big O Scale show and determining the finalists in the basketball tournaments, Our President is hailing the passage of eight, or perhaps ten, oil tankers that he described as "a gift" and he has pledged not to make good on his threat to unleash the Air Force on Iran's power plants until April 6. Iran's passage guarantees apparently didn't apply to at least two Chinese container ships. His Secretary of State is still dickering with European diplomats who maintain a touching faith in the sort of diplomatic process that has worked so well for the past half century. While the reality show president engages in the sort of showmanship that gets the Excessively Earnest People fretting, Israel's military continues to press its case. "Defense Minister Israel Katz warned on Friday that Israel would ramp up its strikes on Iran in the coming days, citing continued Iranian ballistic missile fire at civilian targets in Israel, despite US President Donald Trump’s apparent efforts to bring the hostilities to a halt."
26.3.26
IF ONLY THERE WAS A QUICKER WAY HOME.
The Green Bay Packers just put up two touchdowns on the Bears. Oh, sorry, the Major League Baseball season opened in Milwaukee, with the Brewers allowing the White Sox a home run in the first and a home run in the ninth and otherwise battering Pale Hose pitching, 14-2. And as I type, the Milwaukee traffic reporters are talking about all those people trying to get home. Oh, did I mention that Interstate 94 is being widened in the vicinity of the Stadium. Construction delays they'll never get back. Wait, isn't that a line from "Take Me Out to the Ball Game?"
Now, look closely at this partially-colorized photograph, showing Milwaukee County Stadium, which the county built with the hopes of attracting a Major League Baseball team.
I forget the timing of the construction of Milwaukee County Stadium: it was there a few years before the Braves decamped from Boston, and this event took place before the outfield bleachers were built. Focus, dear reader, on the embankment in black and white back behind the third-base grandstand and parking lot. Two electrified tracks last operated by The Milwaukee Rapid Transit and Speedrail Corporation, and the substantial girder and truss bridge carrying trains over the Menominee River and The Milwaukee Road's main line. And Speedrail had hoped to hang on long enough to be able to cash in on ball game traffic, as well as on passengers headed for the new Milwaukee County Zoo, a-building not far from where the electric cars ran.
That was not to be.
The photographer did not yet know that this photo, taken Labor Day of 1950 in downtown Hales Corners, was of the last run of duplex streetcar 39-40, which was wrecked in a fatal collision on a return working with the special train.
That was the end of Speedrail, although some of the right-of-way was available for streetcar service to the stadium.
That curved retaining wall on the southeast corner of Calvary Cemetery is still there, over seventy years on. I have noted before that no Milwaukee team has won a World Series since the streetcar to the stadium went out of service. I'm not sure whether the expansion of the expressway, which runs just to the left of the photo, will encroach on any of the trees or of those electric transmission towers, which are still in place with no streetcars or interurbans to run under them.
But I want to end this post on a cheerful note. There have been too many gloomy posts of late.
A SMALL STEP TOWARD A STATE OF GOOD REPAIR.
After a couple of weeks of unrelentingly gloomy posting, here's an encouraging development. "Ruth's Chris Steakhouse Is Single Handedly Bringing Society Back From The Brink By Enforcing A Business Casual Dress Code And Not Allowing Hats In The Dining Room." That's Barstool contributor Captain Cons, with a ringing endorsement of the house rule.
I, for one, am thrilled about this even if it's been a rule for a while. Unless you're new around here, you know I am in favor of enforcing guardrails on our society. I don't need to dive deep into the sociological impacts of how we speak, dress, and act, but plenty of folks far smarter than me have done the research. The research says if we comport ourselves better in public, society improves.It is the cluster of institutions and norms that reinforce middle-class habits that matters.
There are still a few holdouts. "Ruth’s Chris Asks Adults to Dress Like Adults, and the Internet Has a Full Meltdown." Well, yes, and David Manney knows why. "Twenty-five years ago, the very idea that a nice restaurant would even need to set a dress code for normal folks would've sounded completely ridiculous."
Chili's decided to distinguish themselves by mocking Ruth's Chris.
A chain restaurant built around burgers and margaritas took a shot at a steakhouse for having standards. The hypocrisy is thicker than their queso.Standards only disappear when people stop defending them. Just as we have been saying for years. "Perhaps that was necessary, there being reasons to question traditions being followed simply for their own sake, and that might have been what the Consciousness Revolution was all about. But when evidence accumulates that your experiment against reality has failed, maybe it's time to restore the norms and the signals. I repeat: restore. It's not about turning clocks back, it is about achieving a state of good repair."
Ruth’s Chris made clear their policy reflects the experience they intend to provide, which includes maintaining an environment that matches the price point and expectations of their guests.
Business casual isn't a burden; it's the baseline for a place charging top dollar for eating cow.
This entire episode exposes how deranged parts of our culture have become. To many of our friends on the left these days, I'm apparently a male chauvinist because I open doors for women, help carry heavy bags, and still say, "Please, may I?" and "Thank you."
I taught my daughters those same habits without even realizing how much it mattered. Years ago, we stopped for gas in southern Ohio during a wedding trip. They used proper manners with the cashier, who stopped what she was doing, praised how well-mannered they were, and credited their upbringing. That moment sticks with me because it shows how rare basic courtesy has become.
UNINSTALLING MULLAH 3.0 ... .... ...... ......
It's going on four weeks into combined combat operations by Israeli and United States military forces to change Iran's behavior. The history of how things kicked off, once it comes out, will be interesting. How quickly the allied forces put this campaign together once they had actionable intelligence about a high level gathering of religious and military leaders and a targeting list and broad outlines of objectives could be a tale of brilliant improvisation, or of hubris. That might not come out in my lifetime.
GOVERNMENT FAILURE.
Passover and Easter Week approach, and some school districts and institutions claiming to offer higher education have yet to dismiss for spring break, and it might be that Congress will take their Easter or Passover or Rent Seeker recess without properly funding airport security.
It matters not for purposes of this post which Washington politicians are at fault for it, or why. What does matter is that unreliable employers have trouble attracting and retaining staff, and that's the position acting transport security administrator Ha Nguyen McNeill finds herself in. "We fear we will continue to lose talented and experienced employees to other jobs that can provide a steady paycheck." I could crack wise, dear reader, about how under actually existing socialism the nomenklatura can pretend to pay people who pretend to work, whilst under actually existing labor markets, the employer who offers to pay on some future Tuesday for hamburgers flipped passengers screened today is in trouble. "[M]ore than 1,500 of her agency's officers have quit amid recent government shutdowns — including around 480 during the current 40-day standoff."
FAREWELL TO THE RADIO OF MY YOUTH.
For years, the noon agricultural report on WGN Radio featured the reporting of Orion Samuelson. In those days between the exit of the Braves and the arrival of the Brewers, I made do with baseball coverage on WGN. The transistor radio is long gone, the Cubs finally won a World Series, and the Cubs had to change the words of "Go Cubs Go" as fans no longer listen to the road games on WGN.
Mr. Samuelson, however, continued to deliver the farm report until his retirement in 2020. "It is with profound sadness that WGN Radio shares the news of the passing of agriculture and business reporter Orion Samuelson at age 91. Orion is a name synonymous with WGN, having spent over 60 years with the station." Farm Progress honored him as a champion of agriculture.
Samuelson soon became popular for his ability to explain agribusiness and food production in an understandable way. He and Armstrong would talk about agriculture from a studio in Chicago over hundreds of networked stations. He would explain corn production and beef demand to thousands of suburban housewives, among others. He was named Prairie Farmer Honorary Master Farmer and inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame in 2003.There are many more tributes and reminiscences at both links. R. I. P.
About the same time that the Mets continued the frustration for Cub fans, including those temporary fans making do in Milwaukee, Chicago's WBBM, which I understand used to mean "We Broadcast Better Music," became an all-news station and hired in John Hultman from Detroit. "Hultman was best known over many years at WBBM Newsradio as morning drive anchor — a role in which he served constantly for nearly 20 years and in which he was partnered with anchor Felicia Middlebrooks in 1984." He had a distinctive way of saying "News Radio Seventy'-Eight!" to close his reports.
The station had that one month to expand the staff to what would become a 24-hour all-news station.Mr Hultman has also crossed the final summit. R. I. P.
Hultman said early on, he anchored evenings with John Madigan — also a longtime political editor and commentator at WBBM Newsradio, whose daughter, Amy Madigan, so happens to have won an Oscar for Best Supporting Actress just on Sunday of this week.
Quoted in the 1988 book "WBBM Radio: Yesterday and Today," Hultman said newsradio found its niche upon realizing it didn't have to compare itself to other media.
"We're not a newspaper, and we're not just a headline service," Hultman was quoted. "We give listeners a little information about a lot of different things, and we give it to them as it's happening."
25.3.26
WINDING DOWN THE SWAP MEET SEASON.
The Chicago area March Meet is likely now the largest O Scale show in the United States, and surely the largest of the winter swap meet season. The Gloucester Branch was available for layout tours again, and here's a look at a few of the trains that were running.
A longer video with more of the locomotives equipped with onboard power is in preparation.
A longer video with more of the locomotives equipped with onboard power is in preparation.
MADISON GRINDS DOWN EXPLICITLY CONSERVATIVE ORGANIZATIONS.
Woke students, to abuse a term, have a long history of protecting their classmates from dissenting points of view by clearing out the racks offering the offending material and taking it to the recycle bin.
The College Fix reported a recent event in Madison.
A relatively new center-right student publication at the University of Wisconsin-Madison is triggering some students and staff, as stacks of the magazine have been repeatedly and maliciously thrown away since last fall.Federalist founders had a familiar reason for creating their magazine. Mr Rothove, who also writes for The College Fix, noted “As conservative, libertarian, or simply non-progressive journalists on UW-Madison’s campus, we are used to challenging the campus orthodoxy and facing backlash for doing so. Incidents like this reinforce that The Madison Federalist was a necessary addition to our student media ecosystem.”
The Madison Federalist were tossed in campus trash bins, just the latest incident in a string of dumpings, said student Ben Rothove, editor-in-chief.
“We have had suspected tossings since the first print edition of The Madison Federalist in February 2025,” Rothove told The College Fix in an email Thursday.
“However, our first confirmed tossing happened in October,” he said. “A university employee saw me refilling a stack that had been tossed. The employee then pulled me aside and told me that another staff member had tossed the stack. According to this employee, a small group of university staff members looked through the edition and mocked its contents.”
SO MUCH FOR IRANIAN MODERATES.
Last week, dear reader, we saw an essay by one Eldar Mamedov of the Quincy Institute, which turns out to be a talking shop for Obama foreign policy types, only they're no longer loading pallets of cash onto transports or pulling security at consulates in Benghazi, who suggested that Ali Larijani might have been one of those Iranian moderates whose existence, forty years ago, gave the sort of people who would be right at home in the Quincy Institute, opportunity to marinate in a smug of their own making mocking the very concept of an Iranian moderate.
So let it be with Ali Larijani. In The (Not Detroit) Free Press, Amit Segal asserts "Israel Once Again Decapitates the Serpent."
For nearly a year, Larijani has headed the Supreme National Security Council, Iran’s highest security body. Israel promoted him again last month, eliminating most of his superiors and leaving him as the highest-ranking security official still standing. Since that day, he had been viewed as one of, if not the most powerful man in the regime left alive.
As head of the SNSC, he sat at the center of Iran’s war effort. After Israel beheaded the regime’s leadership, he was one of the few remaining figures capable of convening the emergency council—one he may not have participated in directly, but over which he almost certainly wielded significant influence. He was also likely among the shadowy Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) commanders standing behind the maimed Mojtaba Khamenei, pulling the strings of the new Supreme Leader.
Larijani unwisely tempted Israel.
Next man up.
HIGHER EDUCATION IS IRREDEEMABLE.
A consultant who heads a company modestly named Gordian Knot Consulting takes to the pixels of the house organ for all wokeness, all the time, in higher education to offer "The Scourge of Avoidant Leadership in Higher Education." The secondary headline contends, "If leaders refuse to confront threats directly and act with courage and conviction, institutions risk irrelevance or collapse."
College Fix cartoonist Joshua Masterson has these people diagnosed perfectly.
It's not as if universities haven't always attempted to conduct affairs as if in a Quaker Meeting. "As long as there's general agreement on what it is the administration is selling, the endless wordsmithing achieves nothing substantively different yet leaves everyone believing they've said their piece." Unfortunately, process with a lot of nuance leads to failure, which is what the columnist might have in mind with that "avoidant leadership" (a politer way of saying building consensus by kicking inconvenient cans down whatever road is available).
24.3.26
FIRST PANAMA CITY, NOW DAYTONA?
Ten years ago, Margaret "University Diaries" Soltan observed that Spring Break festivities weren't, shall we say, opportunities for people to use DeMoivre's Theorem or Mendelian genetics as pick-up lines. "Allow certain ingredients to be put together in a concentrated way in a specific location, and you can actually destroy civilized life." Panama City would just as soon not be a Spring Break destination.
Now, it's Daytona's turn. "When other Florida cities decide they’re deathed-out by it all – when they finally close their doors to the bloodiest, trashiest, weekenders in America – the few scummy holdouts, like Daytona Beach, get everyone."
Maybe not everyone. An observation by Sgt. Mom at Chicago Boyz is relevant.
I have had to read endless news stories (both mainstream and from various blog-teams) about the depredations committed by one subset. How often does one read about some violent and sometimes vicious assault in a public place, a brawl in a fast-food outlet or entertainment venue, or a smash-and-grab robbery … and scroll down to the mugshot(s) of the arrested perpetrator(s), the surveillance camera stills or on-the-spot posted video, and think to oneself, “Yep, about what I thought…”Town Hall's Matt Vespa, after posting the reporting from Daytona, asks readers not to judge. "Look, not trying to harp on stereotypes here." His call for restraint in the comments is mostly honored in the breach.
ALL BRACKETS ARE BUSTED. SOME BRACKETS ARE MORE BUSTED THAN OTHERS.
By the time the field of sixteen had been determined, all of the brackets submitted in the men's tournament had at least one game incorrectly picked, and all but one of those submitted in the women's tournament, where there's still enough by way of inequity that picking the higher seed puts you in a pretty good place to win the office pool. Thus, the over-under on all the brackets being imperfect by the end of the round of 32 is "Under 48." (Not to be confused with Proto:48).
That got me thinking, though. How many of the submitted brackets got the round of sixteen right? On the men's side, it's Them That Has Gets. The Sweet 16 invite is for power-conference programs only. But when I ask the Google search engine "How many bracket contestants correctly identified the round of sixteen?" or variations thereon, I mostly got information about the rarity of "perfect" brackets. Recall one guy got the first 48 men's games right in 2019, and somebody has done so in the ongoing women's tournament. The fellow who got the first two rounds bang on did not do so well getting to the round of eight and the title. So it goes, as America's Newspaper of Record notes. "Woman Unable To Distinguish Between Basketball And Hockey About To Smoke Your March Madness Bracket Again."
23.3.26
IT'S A GREAT DAY FOR HOCKEY.
Current and past players for Wisconsin and Ohio State competed on Team Canada and Team U.S.A. for a gold medal in women's hockey. Team U.S.A. secured that gold. Then the current players returned to college, where Wisconsin secured the regular-season championship in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (the conference alignments in Olympic, or "non-revenue," if you will, sports are bizarre) after which Ohio State won the conference tournament. Thus when the national championship bids were issued, Ohio State were the top seed and Wisconsin the second seed. They met again for the national championship.
University of Wisconsin official photograph retrieved from WTMJ.
Wisconsin's women won their ninth national championship, and if you thought Connecticut versus Tennessee was too frequent a final in women's basketball, it has been either Ohio State or Wisconsin skating with that trophy you can't drink from each of the last four years.
And those sports pundits who had reservations about Kirsten Simms being on Team U.S.A? All she did this tournament is get Wisconsin back to the finals with an overtime goal against a scrappy Penn State team. And 1980 Team U.S.A. most valuable player and current Wisconsin coach Mark Johnson is conference coach of the year.
Well done, kids.
20.3.26
DON'T CRY WITH YOUR MOUTH FULL.
That's been Cold Spring Shops advice literally from our beginning in September 2002. National Review's Charles C. W. Cooke frames it as "Enough with the long faces. America is not, in fact, a hellscape."
Eric Sailer Nighthawks parody retrieved from National Review.
His elaboration: don't cry with your mouth full.
Could we perhaps dial down our angst just a little? If, as is mercifully common, you have been spared one of the handful of genuine problems that your grandparents might have recognized as such, then “Cheer up” is pretty solid advice, all told. I know, I know. You don’t like the president? Neither do I. And you wish that some of the laws that bind you were different? Me too. And you think that things could be better than they are? You’re right. They could. But is that really a reason to be so down on your country? Surely one doesn’t need to be a Stoic to conclude that doom and gloom are to be avoided until avoiding them proves impossible rather than embraced as a lifestyle choice.His column continues with what might best be understood as the reality of the Tragic Vision.
The United States has many problems at present. But this was also true in 1980, 1950, 1920, 1890, and at each and every earlier juncture. Pick a date at random since 1776, and one will invariably discover all manner of cultural, social, political, and economic issues attached to it. Why? Because America is run by people, and because people are flawed. Because there are no solutions in statecraft, only trade-offs. Because democracy is a process, not a guarantee of perfection. It is, of course, virtuous for a free people to attempt to improve the country they inherited. But it is a grave mistake to believe that anything short of the establishment of heaven on earth represents failure. What we have in the United States right now — it’s not a matter of if or when or after or before, but right now — is a miracle. >This country — as it is. This economy — as it is. This culture — as it is. This constitutional order — as it is.He is nowhere arguing that This is all for the best in this, the best of all possible worlds.
GREYLOCK NEXT TO TUMBLE.
As I wrap up the week's posting, ESPN note that of the over twenty-six million men's tournament brackets submitted in their challenge, some 3,714 entries are still in contention. In Thursday's games, a lot of chalk had to be erased with six lower seeds winning, and the "upsets" continue today.
That title? In the depths of the Depression, the Boston and Maine Railroad offered a contest in which lineside school children could name locomotives, including the 3700 series of medium-heavy Pacifics, and the judges selected Greylock for 3714. One of those steamers is still in preservation, fittingly 3713, named Constitution. Whether she will ever steam again remains to be seen.
So what's the over-under on all the brackets broken by the end of today's games? Note: less-than-perfect brackets are still in contention for identifying the eventual champion.
FINISH THE JOB.
Former Trump administration national security advisor Matt Pottinger suggests Our President intends to do exactly that.
In the four years I worked for him during his first term, I learned that Trump sees the threat posed by the Iranian regime—to U.S. national security, regional stability, and even to Trump personally—as being categorically different from that posed by other U.S. adversaries. “Look, they’re just evil,” was how he put it last Tuesday while hosting German chancellor Friedrich Merz. “It’s not the politics; it’s their whole philosophy.”Well, yes, rile up your base to chant "death to Israel, death to America" for 47 years, and maybe you can see a categorical imperative there, or perhaps phrasing that's not easy to deconstruct. I'll leave the nuclear deal in abeyance for future scholars to investigate.
The only other nation Trump regarded in remotely similar terms was North Korea. But then he tested his assessment of the threat by meeting North Korean dictator Kim Jong-un in person three times in 2018 and 2019. I accompanied Trump for the first two encounters and believe he came away with a sense that Kim could be deterred. Trump, with good reason, concluded long ago that the Iranian regime cannot.
Trump gave Tehran plenty of opportunities to prove this instinct wrong. This administration has made good-faith efforts to reach a nuclear deal with the Islamic Republic.
I suspect, though, that letting your negotiator taunt Donald Trump's negotiator with "we have enough uranium for eleven (or is it thirteen) bombs" is not likely to intimidate. It has been a long and winding road, that leads to Victor Hanson's office door.
Under the camouflage of Shiite puritanism and otherworldliness, the ayatollahs proved even more corrupt (and far more incompetent) than the Shah’s entourage. They fought a destructive eight-year war with Saddam Hussein’s overrated Iraqi dictatorship and showed they were mostly just as militarily incompetent.One should never make the mistake of viewing a regional power as militarily incompetent based on a regional war. Finland, the Soviet Union, and the Greater German Reich have joined the conversation.
Over decades, they killed and wounded thousands of Americans by bombing U.S. embassies, barracks, and bases in the Middle East—without directly confronting the American military. For years, they sent lethal shaped charge IEDs to the Shiite insurgents to slaughter and maim thousands of Americans in Iraq and to the Taliban to do the same in Afghanistan.
At the first sign of popular protests, the regime never hesitated to gun down thousands of unarmed protesters. And, of course, they were abject hypocrites—hating the West, damning the Great Satan—and sending their pampered children to universities in America. The apparat proved quite earthly in its desire for money, estates, foreign travel, and the good life.
19.3.26
TRADE THEORY IS TRANSPORTATION THEORY.
Higher transportation costs have the same effect as tariffs. The academic study of international trade and finance generally considers a different class of problems than the academic study either of industrial location or of transportation. In part that is because some problems of international trade and finance are tractable using a general equilibrium framework, while problems of industrial location and transportation involve nonconvexities that foul the works where general equilibrium is concerned. Paul Krugman, qua regional economist (rather than in his court-intellectual-for-Democrats role) has done good work on urban and regional economics that exploits some of the insights from trade theory.
General equilibrium models of trade tend to abstract from transportation costs in contemplating the effects of tariffs or factor intensity or factor price equalization. To a first approximation, though, we can evaluate the effects of space on wage and price differentials in the same way that we'd evaluate a tariff: prices differ by transportation costs, and a tariff has a further effect on price differences on the dock of the exporting country and offloaded at the importing country. Heck, "tariff" refers both to a schedule of import duties and a table of transportation rates.
IRANIAN MODERATES.
Forty years ago, Ronald Reagan's foreign policy team was under the impression such people existed, and the United States could treat with them to get some hostages held elsewhere in the Middle East freed, but not in exchange for weapons. That unforced error came to light, it might have contributed to the Republicans losing a Senate majority in November 1986, and to this day there are moonbats of a certain persuasion who will use "Iran-Contra" as a talisman to discredit the entire political bundle of lower taxes, deregulation, and military strength.
Now comes Eldar Mamedov, a Brussels resident who works for something called the Quincy Institute, fretting about the sequential removal of high Iranian officials. "By killing moderate voices, the US and Israel are paving the way for the most extreme hardline factions to fill the void."
A WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP FOR SOME MILWAUKEE BREWERS.
Over the past nearly twenty years, the Milwaukee Brewers have been within striking distance of the playoffs, or in the playoffs, sometimes posting the best regular season record, and once or twice coming within a few outs of playing in a World Series. But the last time a Milwaukee team won a World Series you could take a streetcar to County Stadium.
I confess to paying little attention to the country of origin of baseball players. Sometimes sport transcends politics: despite the ongoing slanging matches between Venezuelan Marxists and Stateside conservatives, a fair number of Venezuelan players sign major league contracts, and three of the Milwaukee Brewers suited up for the Venezuelan nine that just won the World Baseball Classic. "Venezuela is a big source of Major League Baseball players, and much of its roster was made up of MLB-affiliated athletes, so it was hard not to cheer on your favorite players no matter which side they were on."
The Major League season, United States style, begins next week Wednesday or Thursday, and for once in a long time the Brewers will open the season at home. I've never understood the logic of not scheduling most of the early home games for northerly teams in stadia with domes or retractable roofs.
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